Dr. Wissam Hussain
عدد الرسائل : 12
العمر : 43
تاريخ التسجيل : 17/10/2008
 | موضوع: Topics about avian flue  السبت مايو 15, 2010 6:31 am | |
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Avian Influenza A (H5N1)
“Bird Flu”
Etiology
n Viral disease
n Avian Influenza (HPAI)
¡ H5 and H7 – highly pathogenic
¡ Human case fatality estimated to be as high has 50%, but not definitely known
Cycle of Avian Influenza viruses in animals & humans
WHO Pandemic Alert Phase Plan
Map of current outbreak
Bird flu by the numbers
First case of bird flu in the U.S.
Human H5N1
n Incubation: 3-5 days
n Few URI symptoms
n Severe viral pneumonia picture
¡ Fever
¡ Lymphopenia
¡ Pulmonary infiltrates
¡ Hypoxia
n Diarrhea (50%)
n Time to death: 10 days (mean)
Transmission
n Respiratory droplets vs. aerosol
n Hand to hand
n Fomites
n Viral shedding starts 24 hours before clinical illness and lasts 5-7 days
Prerequisites for a pandemic
n Novel virus with no immunity
n Able to cause significant disease in humans
n Efficient human to human transmission
¡ Re-assort during co-infection with H3N2
¡ Evolve in a human by spontaneous mutation
Common pandemic features
n Herald wave (warning): up-tick in mortality at end of prior year
n Increased mortality
n Mortality shift to younger ages
n Multiple waves of increased mortality for several years
Potential for influenza pandemics
n All influenza viruses can mutate
n Avian flu can cause illness in humans
n Little to no herd immunity to avian strains among humans
n If avian viruses acquire human genes
¡ Facilitate efficient person-to-person transmission
n H5N1 of particular concern
n No one can predict when a pandemic might occur
How is bird flu in humans treated?
n The H5N1 virus currently infecting birds in Asia that has caused human illness and death is resistant to amantadine and rimantadine
n Neurominidase inhibitors
¡ oseltamavir (Tamiflu)
¡ zanamavir (Relenza) inhaled, not stocked in house
¡ Resistance can develop
n Additional studies are needed to prove the effectiveness of these medicines.
Defenses
n Vaccination
n Prophylaxis
n Rapid diagnosis
n Treatment
n Infection control
¡ Respiratory etiquette
¡ Hand washing
¡ Disinfection
¡ Droplet precautions in hospitals
CDC recommendations
n Enhanced surveillance in the U.S. of H5N1.
n Travelers to countries with known outbreaks of influenza A (H5N1) should avoid:
¡ Poultry farms
¡ Contact with animals in live food markets
¡ Surfaces that appear to be contaminated with feces from poultry or other animals.
n CDC does not recommend any travel restrictions to affected countries at this time.
n For more information, visit Travelers' Health
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dr.aljuraisy
Admin
عدد الرسائل : 4046
العمل/الترفيه : طبيب أختصاصي طب الأطفال وحديثي الولادة
المزاج : الحمد لله جيد
تاريخ التسجيل : 15/09/2008
| | موضوع: رد: Topics about avian flue السبت مايو 15, 2010 8:01 pm | |
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شكرا لك دكتور وسام عاشت الأيادي وجزاك الله خيرا على هذه المعلومات الحلوة .
أذا تريد نقل هذا الموضوع الى طب المجتمع لأن تم بالفعل فتح المنتدى الجديد وتحت أشرافك .
_________________ <p> خالص شكري وتقديري د-عبد الهادي الجريصي </p> <p>  </p> | |
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